Heru Suwardianto, Tata Mahyuvi, Nurisda Eva Irmawati, Ahmad Guntur Alfianto, Miftakhul Ulfa, Anastasi Widyo Retno
Background: Treatment of patients with agitation and attempts to remove IV tubes, mechanical ventilators, nasogastric tubes, and catheter urine, the health worker will perform fixation on the hand, often called restraint. This action needs attention because it has several impacts on the patient, one of which is anxiety. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyse differences in anxiety in patients with restraint or conventional hand fixation with hand fixation or modified restraints. Methods: The research method uses a quasi-experimental post-test design by comparing the final results of anxiety. The population is patients who are hospitalised in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Kediri Baptist Hospital. The research sample was 54 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria were total care patients, patients who received restraints and had a RASS value > +1, and patient exclusions were patients receiving care less than twice in 24 hours. The independent variable is conventional restraint and modified restraints. Control group with restraint or conventional hand fixation with the intervention group using hand fixation or modified restraints. The dependent variable is anxiety using FAS (Face Anxiety Scale). Research has obtained ethical clearance. Statistical test using Mann Whitney (a < 0.05). Results: The experimental group had 22.2% not anxious, 33.3% mildly anxious, 44.4% moderately anxious, and no severe cases, while the control group had 3.7%, 48.1%, 11.1%, and 37.0%, respectively, showing the intervention use modified restraints reduced severe anxiety. The results of statistical tests were found that the Z value was -1.976 (> ± 1.96). It indicates that there was a difference in anxiety between the patient with hand fixation experimental group and the control group. The p-value, which was obtained, was 0.039, indicating that the difference between the experimental group and the control group was significant. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the use of hand fixation or conventional restraints with modifications, it is necessary to continue to develop restraint devices that are safe and can reduce patient anxiety in the inpatient room. © 2025 Asia Pacific Higher Learning Sdn Bhd., Lincoln University College. All rights reserved.
Department of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Kediri Baptist Hospital Health College, Jawa Timur, Kota Kediri, 64131, Indonesia; Islamic Hospital Surabaya, East Java, 12920, Indonesia; Ministry of Health Polytechnic of Health Semarang, Central Java, 50268, Indonesia; Department of Mental Health Nursing, Widyagama Husada Malang Health Institute, East Java, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur, 65142, Indonesia
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